Color-blind racism is a new racial ideology in which
whites have developed powerful explanations, which have become justifications,
for contemporary racial inequality that exculpate them from any responsibility
for the status of people of color. Most whites rely on this ideology to
articulate their views, present their ideas, and interpret interactions with
people of color. Because whites believe discrimination is a thing of the past,
minorities’ claims that they are being racially profiled, are interpreted as
excuses. Whites do not have a problem with their own racial segregation because
they do not see it as a racial phenomenon.
Racial progressives are people in which do not
follow this pattern. They do not go with the flow of color-blindness. These
racial progressives are made up of mostly young, working-class women. For
example, Bonilla-Silva interviewed a student at WU named Beth. She grew up in a
lower-middle-class neighborhood. Her four friends she mentioned were all of a
minority ethnicity. She described herself as “very liberal” and supported
interracial marriage strongly. She understood that discrimination affects the
life chances of minorities and even supported programs compensating minorities
for past discrimination. An example of a
racial progressive in the category of Detroit area residents is an unemployed
woman named Sara. She was raised in Detroit in a low-income neighborhood and
said the diversity in her neighborhood was a bunch of different people. Her
friends correlated to that because she had one Arab friend, one black friend,
one white friend, and one Mexican. She has had an affair with a black guy. She
believes blacks experience daily discrimination and doesn’t believe that blacks
are lazier than whites. She was one of few whites to acknowledge the fact that
the company was 97% because of racism.
These racial progressives were found to be more
likely to support affirmative action and interracial marriage, have close
personal relations with minorities and blacks in particular, and understand
that discrimination is a central factor shaping the life chances of minorities
in this country. Bonilla-Silva has
argued that whiteness is “embodied racial power” because all actors socially
regarded as ‘white’ receive systemic privileges just by being white whereas
those who aren’t white are denied those privileges. The interaction between
race and gender has a lot to do with the U.S. being historically antiblack,
antiminorty. White male workers have been historically supporting the racial
order. White masculinity has provided white men with economic and noneconomic
benefits. Bonilla-Silva has pointed out that contemporary racialized capitalism
has created a situation in which white women and racial minorities increasingly
share similar class conditions in the workplace. These racially progressive
women used their own experiences of discrimination as women as a lens through
which to they can comprehend minorities’ racial oppression.
Throughout history, there have been plenty of women
that have been classified as racial progressives. One woman is Lillian Eugenia
Smith (1897-1966) who was a writer and social critic of Southern United States.
She was a liberal unafraid to criticize segregation and work toward dismantling
Jim Crow laws.
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